FORTRAN FULL FORM

Full Form of FORTRAN : FORmula TRANslation

What is the full form of FORTRAN?

No:1. FORTRAN is the first high level programming language developed by John Backus in 1957.
No:2. It was basically designed to write programs for high-performance computing and is mainly suited for numeric computing scientific computing and scientific applications that involve extensive mathematical computations.
No:3. The main motive behind its designing was to translate math formulas into code.

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History

No:1. Before the invention of FORTRAN, programmers used assembly/machine code to develop a program which was excessively difficult and time consuming.
No:2. This led to the invention of FORTRAN which was simple to learn, machine independent, makes mathematical calculations easy, and is suitable for all type of applications.
No:3. Since it was so easier to code, programmers were able to write their programs 500% faster in FORTRAN than the earlier ones.
No:4. FORTRAN IV and FORTRAN 77 are the most common versions of FORTRAN.
No:5. FORTRAN IV became a USASI standard in 1966 and FORTRAN 77 was approved by ANSI in 1978.
No:6. In the early 1990s, a new ISO and ANSI standard for FORTRAN, called FORTRAN 90 was developed.

Features

Some of the key features of this language are as follows:
No:1. Simple language: Easy to learn and understand.
No:2. Machine independent: A program can be transported from one machine to another machine.
No:3. Expresses complex mathematical functions: It offers various natural ways to express complex mathematical functions.
No:4. Efficient execution: Only around 20% decrease in efficiency as compared to assembly or machine code.
No:5. Storage allocation: It allows programmers to control the allocation of storage.
No:6. Freedom in code layout: The programmers don’t need to layout code in rigidly defined columns unlike assembly or machine language.

DIALECTS

No:1. FORTRAN II
No:2. FORTRAN III
No:3. FORTRAN IV
No:4. FORTRAN 66
No:5. FORTRAN 77
No:6. FORTRAN 90
No:7. FORTRAN 95
No:8. FORTRAN 2003
No:9. FORTRAN 2008
No:10. FORTRAN 2015

Application

No:1. Number crunching: Easy to solve algebraic problems.
No:2. Numeric computing
No:3. Scientific computing
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